The International Court of Justice began hearings on Israel's ban of UNRWA and obligations toward UN organizations in Palestine. Palestinian representatives argued Israel was using aid prevention as a "weapon of war," while Israel boycotted the proceedings.

Gaza's death toll reached 52,243 with 71 new casualties in the previous 24 hours. The Euro-Mediterranean Observatory reported 94% of last week's casualties were civilians. UNRWA and ICRC documented famine conditions "beyond catastrophe" with food warehouses nearly depleted.

Israel rejected a proposed five-year ceasefire while Netanyahu reportedly aims to end the war by October. Israeli forces continued operations in Gaza and the West Bank, demolishing homes in Idna and intensifying deployments in Tulkarem.

By evening, Egyptian-brokered negotiations showed "significant progress" with Reuters reporting agreement on a long-term ceasefire, though Israeli officials denied any breakthrough.